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Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) is the virus causing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Apart from respiratory disease, this virus can affect different organs. Objectives: Therefore, multiple mechanisms have been hypothesized for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in COVID-19. In this study, we evaluate the incidence and prognosis of AKI in COVID-19 patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort study assessed 397 COVID-19 patients hospitalized between April 1, 2020, and September 30, 2021. Patients with a sudden rise of serum creatinine level, more than 0.3 mg/dl in two days or more than 50% of the initial level in one week, were diagnosed with AKI. Demographic, laboratory, and clinical features were compared in AKI patients with patients without AKI. Results: A total of 397 patients with a mean age +or- standard deviation of 55.42 +or- 15.26 years were included in the study. According to diagnostic criteria, 48 (12.1%) patients developed AKI. Old age, a history of hypertension, and chronic renal failure were suggested as risk factors for AKI. High levels of C-Reactive Protein, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Lactate Dehydrogenase, D-dimer, and serum phosphorus upon arrival were also associated with an increased risk of AKI. In addition, the incidence of hypernatremia and hyperkalemia increased mortality in patients with AKI. Conclusion: The incidence of AKI in admitted COVID-19 patients affects the duration of hospitalization, the chance of ICU admission, and mortality. It is important to limit the use of nephrotoxic drugs and to maintain water-electrolyte balance to prevent the incidence of AKI and improve the outcome.
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Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) is the virus causing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID19). Apart from respiratory disease, this virus can affect different organs. Objectives: Therefore, multiple mechanisms have been hypothesized for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in COVID-19. In this study, we evaluate the incidence and prognosis of AKI in COVID-19 patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort study assessed 397 COVID-19 patients hospitalized between April 1, 2020, and September 30, 2021. Patients with a sudden rise of serum creatinine level, more than 0.3 mg/dl in two days or more than 50% of the initial level in one week, were diagnosed with AKI. Demographic, laboratory, and clinical features were compared in AKI patients with patients without AKI. Results: A total of 397 patients with a mean age +/- standard deviation of 55.42 +/- 15.26 years were included in the study. According to diagnostic criteria, 48 (12.1%) patients developed AKI. Old age, a history of hypertension, and chronic renal failure were suggested as risk factors for AKI. High levels of C-Reactive Protein, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Lactate Dehydrogenase, D-dimer, and serum phosphorus upon arrival were also associated with an increased risk of AKI. In addition, the incidence of hypernatremia and hyperkalemia increased mortality in patients with AKI. Conclusion: The incidence of AKI in admitted COVID-19 patients affects the duration of hospitalization, the chance of ICU admission, and mortality. It is important to limit the use of nephrotoxic drugs and to maintain water-electrolyte balance to prevent the incidence of AKI and improve the outcome.
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We report a 74-year-old male with a recent history of COVID-19 pneumonia who was admitted with acute periumbilical and left lower quadrant pain and respiratory distress. Laboratory data showed pre-renal azotemia and microscopic hematuria. An abdominopelvic computerized tomography (CT) scan with intravenous contrast was conducted, showing signs of right renal vein thrombosis (RVT) with extension to inferior vena cava (IVC), without any evidence of renal ischemia. The patient did not have any risk factors for thrombosis except for probable hypercoagulopathy due to COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus. He was not an appropriate candidate for surgical or radiologic thrombectomy, thus received heparin infusion accordingly. Unfortunately, he died after the cardiopulmonary arrest on the second day of admission. Considering his respiratory distress, we suspect pulmonary embolism as the most probable cause of death © 2023 The Author(s);Published by Nickan Research Institute. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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Background and aim: The corona epidemic and its impact on the society led the government policy to support the production of medicine and related vaccines. Vaccination is known to be an effective preventive measure and eradication of this disease. However, information on different brands of vaccines at different times, age groups, occupations or underlying diseases is not available. The present study intends to compare incidence of COVID-19 after AstraZeneca, Sinopharm and Sputnik vaccination in patients referred to hospitals affiliated to Shoushtar University of Medical Sciences, 2021. Also determine the effect of vaccination in reducing the severity of symptoms and death and the necessary information and education to the public about the possibility of coronavirus after vaccination, to continue to follow health protocols. Method(s): The present study is a retrospective cross-sectional study In order to evaluate and compare the rate of covid-19 and the death rate in vaccinated people in Shoushtar,Iran. The study population of this study includes people who have received one or two doses of Corona vaccine Sputnik V, Sinopharm and AstraZeneca and have referred to medical centers affiliated to Shoushtar University of Medical Sciences (May 2021 to september 2021). 639 Samples were selected based on inclusion criteria from the research community. Patient information including demographic information, information on vaccines, underlying diseases, severity of COVID-19 symptoms, length of hospital stay and previous history of COVID-19. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square, Anova at a significance level of 0.05, with SPSS.V18 software. Result(s): The mean age of study participants was 56.58 years. The median duration of infection after vaccination was 30(IQR: 20-50) days, with the range (4-180).46.9% of patients were admitted to routine hospital wards and 4.1% of patients were admitted to intensive care units. The prevalence of covid-19 infection in vaccinated is 0.3% in total. There is a significant difference between the three types of vaccines in terms of the proportion (p<0.001). The prevalence of covid-19 in patients vaccinated with Sputnik vaccine was (2.6%) and in Sinopharm vaccine (0.25%). the mortality rate in Sputnik vaccine was zero and in Astrazeneca vaccine was more than Sinopharm vaccine (p = .029) Conclusion(s): The results of the present study showed that the rate of death and re-infection in the used vaccines is different, so that re-infection in Sputnik vaccine was more than other vaccines (2.7%), but the duration of hospitalization in this vaccine was less than the others. Also, the death rate in Astrazanka vaccine was higher than others. The mean incidence of COVID-19 was 42.31 days after vaccination;the lowest incidence was reported 4 days after vaccination. Only 5% of patients needed to be admitted to the intensive care unit;the maximum length of hospital stay was estimated to be 3 to 4 days. Copyright © 2022, Anka Publishers. All rights reserved.
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We report a 74-year-old male with a recent history of COVID-19 pneumonia who was admitted with acute periumbilical and left lower quadrant pain and respiratory distress. Laboratory data showed pre-renal azotemia and microscopic hematuria. An abdominopelvic computerized tomography (CT) scan with intravenous contrast was conducted, showing signs of right renal vein thrombosis (RVT) with extension to inferior vena cava (IVC), without any evidence of renal ischemia. The patient did not have any risk factors for thrombosis except for probable hypercoagulopathy due to COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus. He was not an appropriate candidate for surgical or radiologic thrombectomy, thus received heparin infusion accordingly. Unfortunately, he died after the cardiopulmonary arrest on the second day of admission. Considering his respiratory distress, we suspect pulmonary embolism as the most probable cause of death.